Bulk Modulus
(β)
Bulk modulus is related to the change in volume of the material when an external force is applied uniformly in all direction. If there is one directional compression or tensile strain occurs on one surface of a body, there some amount of strain is also developed in other directions.

The limiting slope of the MSD(t), considered for time intervals sufficiently long for it to be in the linear regime, is related to the self-diffusion constant D:
![Statistical fluctuation β=(NkT/V)+V〈(d^2U/dV^2)〉-(Vδ[dU/dV]^2/kT)](http://alcheme.tamu.edu/wp-includes/images/icc4/bulkmodulus2.png)
Where V is the volume, U is internal energy, N is the number of particles, T is temperature, and P is pressure.



